Originally it was planned to place the Industrial Complex No. 18 for production of synthetic liquid fuel near the town Chernogorsk, Khakassia region. The significant part of the equipment received on reparations from German factories has been already delivered to that site. In 1946 the management of the industrial complex No. 18 has been formed in Chernogorsk. However in connection with rapid development of oil-producing and oil-refining industry between Volga river and Urals mountains ("the second Baku") the government of the country in 1947 has made decision to transfer the industrial complex No. 18 to Bashkiria to be used for hydrogenation of heavy products of oil refining (black oils) and production of gasoline and diesel fuel.
In January 1948 by an order of USSR’ Council of Ministers the construction site
of the industrial complex has been approved. In March of the same year the
Bashkir АSSR’ Council of Ministers has issued a Decision approving as actual
plant construction site the area of village Big Allaguvat and as site for
construction of a settlement for 25 thousand inhabitants - the area of village
Musino.
The decision of USSR’ Council of Ministers dated March 30th, 1948 has started
construction and also has defined capacity and target product of the industrial
complex – motor gasoline.
In June, 1948 to the construction site has arrived the first special train with
the equipment and specialists from Khakassia. The commission which arrived here
in May has prepared everything necessary for arrival of the first team of
construction workers. Soon on the place of today's city you could see a small
town with tents instead of houses.
In these years there have been constructed gas plant, hydrogenation plant,
thermal power station, repair and mechanical works plant (now JSK
Salavatneftemash), catalysts plant, feed and shipment facilities and other
service facilities. There has been started construction of the New-Ishimbai
Refinery.
On June 12th, 1954 the settlement Salavat has been reorganized to a town.
In 1954 has been put into operation the first production unit of the Industrial
Complex No. 18 – catalysts plant. The catalyst became the first product of our
industrial complex.
In 1955 have been put into operation several units of the refinery complex, and
already in 1956 a high capacity Refinery was operating, producing much more
motor gasoline than it has been planned by design, and other grades of liquid
fuel as well. Refinery started its rapid expansion with construction of new
facilities for processing of crude oil and gas condensate and down-stream
production units.
An important event in the Refinery history has became the start of processing of
high-sulfur Arlan crude Oil from a deposit discovered in the north of Bashkiria
in 1955. Processing of this grade of oil has been started at the Refinery in
1960 for the first time in the country.
Have been planned as a small plant for production of gasoline, the Industrial
Complex in the 60ies already became an intensive construction center of
petrochemistry and oil refining. In fact at that time have been constructed the
units which later became the basis for Petrochemical, Monomer, Synthesis and
Mineral Fertilizers plants.
In 1962 for the first time in the USSR at the Industrial Complex No. 18 has been
put into operation a low density polythene plant. In the same year have been put
into operation also units for production of styrene, butyl and fatty alcohols. A
further increase in capacities of ammonia and urea production has been achieved,
revamping of the refinery for processing of high-sulfur crude oil has been
carried out alongside with implementation of down-stream processes.
Parallel with industrial units have been implemented also several social
projects: stadium, sanatorium-dispensary on the Nougush water basin, Medical and
Sanitary Detachment No. 20, Mayak dispensary, the Palace of Sports and the
Neftekhimik Palace of Culture.
For
pre-schedule performance of the eighth Five Years' Plan on construction and
start-up of high capacity production units and achievement of excellent results
the Salavat Petrochemical Industrial Complex in 1971 has got the country’s
highest award of that time – Lenin order and the petrochemical industrial
complex has been renamed to "Lenin Order Petrochemical Industrial Complex,
Salavat”.
The real pride of the enterprise was reconstruction of the urea and ammonia
plant, which made Industrial Complex to the largest supplier of mineral
fertilizers in the country. Within the 9-th Five-Year Period the industrial
complex has produced over 1 million tons of fertilizers a year, exceeding by 2
times 1970’ capacity. In the middle of 70-ies Salavat Petrochemical Industrial
Complex became the largest petrochemical complex in the country with an expanded
net of repair services and social facilities.
Within a short period there have been put into operation several new units for
production of ethylene and propylene, ethylene oxide, dodecylmercaptane
polystyrene, glycols. New technological processes – catalytic reforming and
hydro cracking have been implemented.
In 1976 for pre-schedule performance of the Economic Plan the collective of the
industrial complex was awarded with the Memorable Decoration of the Central
Committee of the CPSU, Council of Ministers of the USSR, the All-Union Central
Council of Trade Unions and the Central Committee of Communist Youth
Organization.
As at the middle of 80ies the Salavatnefteorgsintez Production Association was
processing a quarter of the Bashkir oil and all the condensate from the Orenburg
deposit. There have been put into operation large-capacity production units
EP-300 (ethylene, propylene), Spirty (butyl alcohols), AM-76 (ammonia),
intensive construction of social projects, environment protection objects
including expansion of waste water treatment facilities has been continued.
Transition of the industrial complex to market economy has caused not only
changes in economic management, but also drastic reorganization of technological
structure of the plants. Raw materials deficiency and absence of consumers of
marketable products have led to a full or partial suspension of production.
Under such circumstances the industrial complex has been compelled to stop
operation of unprofitable production units.
Having gone through hard times, by the end of 90ies the Salavatnefteorgsintez
JSC again has headed for increase of capacities, modernization and the further
development of the industrial complex, strengthening of its positions in the
domestic and world markets.
In 1999 at the JSC has been put into operation a complex for processing of 4
million tons of Karachaganak gas condensate a year – ELOU-AVT-4 and the new ELOU
unit at the AVT-4 facility.
In 2003 at the Monomer plant has been put into operation the new 200 000 mta
ethyl benzene and styrene production facility. Products from this large
production facility completely cover consumption of ethyl benzene and styrene by
our industrial complex, and these products are available for sale to other
consumers, including export.
In 2005 at the Monomer plant it has been put into operation a new unit for
production of expandable polystyrene using unique process with no analogue in
the world. The first of total four steam crackers SRT-IV, USA has started its
operation.
One more new project completed the same year is the light oil products shipping
facility at the Refinery, meeting the latest requirements. Capacity of the new
installation is 3 million mta. Implementation of this project allows stop
operation of the out-of-date equipment, increase safety and improve environment
due to decrease in emissions into atmosphere. There has been put into operation
an air separation unit of the French manufacture. Start-up of this unit means
not only updating of the air separation facility, but also supply of nitrogen
and oxygen of required quality to production units of the industrial complex,
decrease in the cost price of commodity nitrogen and increase of environmental
safety of technological processes at the Salavatnefteorgsintez JSC.
In December, 2006 a bitumen production unit by a designed capacity 300 000 mta
was put into operation. The facility is intended for production of road and
roofing grade bitumen.
The Salavatnefteorgsintez JSC is one of the main centers of petrochemistry in
Russia. The list of products includes over 140 denominations, including more
than 70 of basic products.
Quality of products meets the world standards confirmed by awards of prestigious
Russian and foreign exhibitions. As one of few petrochemical industrial
complexes in the country, the Salavatnefteorgsintez JSC has got certificates of
conformity to the international quality and environmental safety standards ИSО
9001 and 14001, and that gives the industrial complex additional benefits during
contract negotiations for delivery of products to both domestic and foreign
consumers.
Being the largest exporter in the country, more than one third of products of
the Salavatnefteorgsintez JSC are shipped abroad to foreign consumers. The
exports geography covers over 20 countries, including Finland, China, the USA,
the Great Britain, countries of the Western Europe, the Baltic, etc. The list of
exported products includes over 20 denominations.
At present the Company is modernizing and revamping existing production
facilities and constructing new ones, implementing automated process control
systems, improving management structure to optimize the Company’s activities.
